Weac 2017/2018 100% History Expo exam

Q1c) - COLONIAL AGRICULTURAL ECONOMY:- Colonial agriculture was introduced by colonialist to produce cash crops which were to be exported to European to feed various industries. There were three categories of colonial agriculture namely. Plantation agriculture is a large production unit of agriculture producing for sell and employing a large number of unskilled labourer who are closely supervised.They were huge agriculture plantations with a single production, they were either owned by the colonial government or absent capitalist in Europe who sent representative to take over plantations -COLONIAL INDUSTRY:-
The concept of industry refer to primary activities which involve the production of of raw material for food stuffs and secondary processing which include manufacturing. During colonial rule there was little development of industries. There was found were mainly processing and extractive industries. The main objective these industry were to reduce bulkiness and weight in order to make the exportation of raw material easy and ensure low freight charges -COMMERCE IN COLONIAL AFRICA:- Commercial activities in the colonial were managed and controlled by merchants capital middlemen and marketing boards. Market board and cooperative union were introduced y colonialist where the middle men were discouraged. Trade was nothing new among the Africans. Africans had been trading for along time. The pre-colonial Africa, trade was characterized by two major feature. Much of it was marketing rather than trading proper. In other word selling one’s non products and buying one’s goods instead of transporting goods from a distance with other intention of making a profit. Trade expended with the introduction of the white and gained momentum in the 19th century. The introduction of colonial rule and the flow of settlers in the colonies changed the nature of the pre-colonial trade drastically European introduced new kind of trade which aimed to serve their interests.

*FOR NIGERIA* History Obj 1:10 CACDCABCDA 11:20 ABCDCAAABC 21:30 CCDABCABAB 31:40 CABACDCABD 41:50 BBBCACDDBC *FOR SIERRA LEONE* History obj 1-10 BBCABCDBAA 11-20 ACBCBDCBBB 21-30 CCDBABACAA 31-40 AACBDBCDCC 41-50 DDBCBAAABC

SECTION C ANSWERS

7a (1)Governor Ransford Slater (2) Governor Hubert Stevenson (3) Governor Beresford Stooke.

7b The Chiefs were very important in the colonial administration of the British.
The following were the roles played by the chiefs.

(1) They helped the colonial administration to collect taxes and from the people and implemented policies of the Government.

(2) Chiefs were heads of their people or heads of ethnic life in terms of demoestic and customary issues. They were responsible for interpretations and enforcement of customary laws. They settled disputes in matters relating to native and customary laws.e.g. marriage, witchcraft and woman palava to name but a few.

(3) They acted as intermediaries between the colonial government and the natives. Paramount chiefs explained colonial policies to their subjects. The British colonial administration got the acceptance of the people through the help of the chiefs.

(4) The Chiefs helped the British colonial administrators to maintain law and order as well as security through the establishment of native police force. The dealt with minor cases and local people were compelled to be law abiding. The Chiefs made used of age grades as law enforcement agencies.

(5) They mobilized their subjects for the building of their chiefdoms through customary labour and tributes. They led their people and motivated them in communal work. Chiefs ensured the maintenance of roads, bridges,schools, health clinics and markets. They also ensured that the general sanitary conditions of the town and villages in their chiefdoms were maintained. The Chiefs organized force labour for the British colonial administration.